Archer, Allen W., 1989. Modeling of Carboniferous tidal rhythmites based upon modern tidal data, in E. K. Franseen and W. L. Watney, eds., Sedimentary Modeling: Computer Simulation of Depositional Sequences: Kansas Geological Survey, Subsurface Geology Series 12:45-46.

Abstract: not available.

Archer, Allen W., and Christopher G. Maples, 1989. Reply [to comments by H. G. Pierce] on Monte Carlo simulation of selected binomial similarity coefficient (I): effect of number of variables: Palaios, 4:102-104.

Abstract: not available.

Archer, Allen W., and Christopher G. Maples, 1989. Response of selected binomial coefficients to varying degrees of matrix sparseness and to matrices with known data interrelationships: Mathematical Geology, 21:741- 753.

Abstract: Numerous departures from ideal relationships are revealed by Monte Carlo simulations of widely accepted bionomial coefficients. Foe example, simulations incorporating varying levels of matrix sparseness (presence of zeros indicating lack of data) and computation of expected values reveal that not only are all common coefficients influenced by zero data, but also that some coefficients do not discriminate between sparse or dense matrices (few zero data). Such coefficients computationally merge mutually shared and mutually absent information and do not exploit all the information incorporated within the standard 2 x 2 contingency table; therefore, the commonly used formulae for such coefficients are more complicated than the actual range of values produced.

Other coefficients do differentiate between mutual presences and absences; however, a number of these coefficients do not demonstrate a linear relationship to matrix sparseness. Finally, simulations using nonrandom matrices with know degrees of row-by-row similarities signify that several coefficients either do not display a reasonable range of values or are nonlinear with respect to known relationships within the data. Analyses with nonrandom matrices ield clues as to the utility of certain coefficients for specific applications. For examples, coefficients such as Jaccard, Dice, and Baroni-Urbani and Buser are useful if correction of sparseness if desired, whereas the Russel-Rao coefficient is useful when sparseness correction is not desired.

Kvale, Erik P., Allen W. Archer, and Hollis R. Johnson, 1989. Daily, monthly, and yearly tidal cycles within laminated siltstones (Mansfield Formation: Pennsylvanian) of Indiana: Geology, 17:365-368.

Abstract: Whetstones (laminated siltstones) within the Mansfield Formation of Orange County, Indiana, are Lower Pennsylvanian (Morrowan) tidal deposits characterized by rhythmic laminations. Lamina thicknesses vary systematically in a vertical sequence and reflect tidal events of a mixed tidal regime. So complete is the record of tidal deposition that daily and monthly tidal cycles can be delineated. Neap- spring tides (related to phases of the moon) and equatorial-tropical tides (related to the declination of the moon) are recognizable within the sequence.

Maples, Christopher G., and Allen W. Archer, 1989. The potential of Paleozoic nonmarine trace fossils for paleoecological interpretations: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 73:185-195.

Partial Abstract: Many Late Paleozoic environments have been interpreted as marine because of the co-occurrence of supposedly exclusively marine trace fossils. Beginning in the Late Ordovician, however, nonmarine trace-fossil diversity increased throughout the Paleozoic. This diversification of nonmarine organisms and nonmarine trace fossils was especially prevalent in Devonian and later times. Diversification of freshwater organisms is indicated by the large number of freshwater fish, arthropods, annelids and molluscs that had developed by the Carboniferous.

Maples, Christopher G., and Allen W. Archer, 1989, Paleoecological and sedimentological significance of bioturbated crinoid calyces: Palaios, 4: 379-383.

Abstract: not available.