Abstract:The Dunbarella beds exposed in the Kinney Quarry (Pine Shadow Member, Wild Cow Formation, Madera Group, lower Virgilian, central New Mexico) display a remarkable combination of laminations, mineralogy, fossils, and shrinkage cracks. Each of these factors places constraints on the interpretation of depositional environment; taken together, they strongly suggest deposition at the bottom of an estuary with strong tides and marshes nearby.
Abstract:Paleontology and sedimentology of the rocks at the Kinney Brick Company Quarry are comparable to biological and sedimentological patterns within modern estuaries. Modern estuaries are characterized by a complex interaction of marine (mostly tidal) and fluvial processes in an environment where salt and fresh waters mix. Estuaries vary widely in the amount of mixing of fresh and salt water, and the resultant water- circulation pattern, is the presence of a turbidity maximum near the middle of the estuary. Coarser sediment may occur in both fluvial and more marine parts of the estuary. However, there is little correlation of sedimentary structures or lithofacies patterns with salinity. There is a strong correlation between biotic composition and salinity, but this may be difficult to apply using Paleozoic fossil assemblages.