Chair/Discussant, AForeign Aid, Development, and Globalization,@ Panel FB-3 the Annual Meeting of the International Studies Association-Midwest and the Foreign Policy Analysis Section of the International Studies Association 2-3 November 2001, St. Louis, Missouri

Chair/Discussant, AExploring Post-Transition Violence in Africa,@ Panel 2 of Workshop on Elites, Institutions, and the Fate of Africa=s Democratic Experiments,@ organized by the African Studies Resource Center at the University of Kansas, Lawrence, 5 October 2001.

AThe Conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: Non-State Actors on the Center Stage,@ paper presented at Workshop on AAfrica and the New Millennium: Capabilities and Challenges,@ the Center for Strategic Leadership, The US Army War College in Carlisle, Pennsylvania on September 18-19, 2001.

AInternational and Domestic Roots of the Congo Conflict and Prospects for Peace,@ presented at Workshop on The Conflict & Conflict Management in Sierra Leone and the Great Lakes: What Role for Outside Actors?, James S. Coleman African Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, April 6, 2001.

Chair/Discussant, AForeign Aid and Investment,@ Panel F-3, the Annual Meeting of the International Studies Association-Midwest and the Foreign Policy Analysis Section of the International Studies Association 27-28 October 2000, St. Louis, Missouri

ADownturns and Diversions: Testing the Scapegoat Theory of Military Force, 1950-1996@ (co-author Jeffrey Pickering), paper presented et the Annual Meeting of the International Studies Association-Midwest and the Foreign Policy Analysis Section of the International Studies Association 27-28 October 2000, St. Louis, Missouri

Chair/Discussant, APolitical Issues in the Next Millennium@ Political Panel of the Mid-America Alliance for African Studies Conference, 28-29 September 2000, Manhattan, Kansas.

Chair/Discussant, AInvestment and Aid in Emerging Markets,@ Panel 5-C and ANew Directions in Electoral Research in Transitional Democracies: Developing Countries,@ Panel 3-J, the 58^th Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association 27-30 April 2000, Chicago, Illinois

Chair/Discussant, AAfrica and the Democratic Wave,@ Economics Panel of the Mid-America Alliance for African Studies Conference, 23-25 September 1999, Lawrence, Kansas.

Chair/Discussant, AComparative Politics, Democracy, Power, and Finance,@ Panel 2-3, the 57^th Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association 15-17 April 1999, Chicago, Illinois

AState disintegration, poverty and humanitarian emergency in the Congo,@ paper presented at the Development Studies Association Inaugural Study Group on the Theme >The New Poverty Strategies: What have they achieved? What have we learned? University of Reading, Reading --England, 9-10 April 1999

Chair/Discussant, APan African Responses to the Congo Crisis: Consequences of War,@ The 4^th North American Conference on the Congo, Daytona Beach, Florida 18-20 March 1999.

AHealth care policy in the Congo: Political instability and state failure,@ paper presented at the 4^th North American Conference on the Congo, Daytona Beach, Florida 18-20 March 1999.

Chair/Discussant: "Party Development in Post-communist Societies," Panel 3-6, the 55^th Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, 10-12 April 1997, Chicago, Illinois

Panel Chair: "Capital Accumulation, Industrial Development, and the Role of the Informal Sector in Stimulating Economic Growth," the 39^th Annual Meeting of the African Studies Association, 23-26 November 1996, San Francisco, USA

"The Unofficial Economy and Capital Accumulation: A Cross-sectional Time Series Analysis," paper presented at the 39^th Annual Meeting of the African Studies Association, 23-26 November 1996, San Francisco, USA

"Zaire after Mobutu: A Potential Case of Humanitarian Emergency," paper presented at United Nations University/ World Institute for Development Economics Research-Queen Elizabeth House, Oxford Meeting on 'The Political Economy of Humanitarian Emergencies,' 6-8 October 1996, Helsinki, Finland

Panel Chair: "Democratization in Africa: Historical Perspectives in Zaire," Annual Meeting of All North American Conference on Zaire, 5-7 April 1996, Lexington, KY.

"Cash Crops vs. Food Crops: The Plight of African Peasants," paper presented at the 38^th Annual Meeting of the African Studies Association, 3-6 November 1995, Orlando, FL

"The End of Revolution and the Beginning of Revolution: Silent Revolution from Below in Third World Countries," paper presented at the 35^th Annual Meeting of the International Studies Association, Chicago, IL, 23-26 February 1995

"Making Choices or Just Being Wise: The Analysis of Qualitative Dependent Variables," (with Charles Tien), paper presented at the 53^rd Midwest Political Science Association Meeting, 5-8 April 1995, Chicago, Illinois

"Commerce and Coalition: A Theoretical and Empirical Assessment," paper presented at the 51^st Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, 18-21 April 1993, Chicago, Illinois

"The Disposition to Secede:  The Case of the Soviet Union" (with Vicki Hesli), Paper presented at the 49th Metting of the Midwest Political Science Association, April 10-14, 1991, Chicago, Illinois.

"The Impact of Smuggling on Rural Development in Northeastern Zaire," paper presented at the 13^th Annual Third World Conference, 9-11 April 1987, Chicago, Illinois

"Implementation of Stabilization Programs in an Authoritarian Setting, Zaire 1970-1980," paper presented at the 29^th Annual Meeting of the African Studies Association, 29 October - 2 November 1986, Madison, Wisconsin

"A Social Dilemma in a Less Developed Country: The Massacre of the African Elephant in Zaire," paper presented at the Conference on Common Property Resource Management, 21-26 April 1985, Washington, DC